juristic analyzing of surety in the business of bill of ladings 保函提单之法律分析
defence of carrier or agent may be accept by the courts are following : the holder of bills of lading waive the right of demanding the carrier to release cargo against original bills of lading, or the holder recognize carrier's such delivery; the carrier may use to site the clauses in charter party or in bills of ladings for denfence; the carrier may use time limitation for defence 承运人或其代理人在无单放货诉讼中提出的抗辩可能被法院所接受的理山主要有以下几点:提单持有人的行为构成了对无单放货的认可或对要求承运人凭正本提单交货权利的放弃;承运人可以援引租约或提单的规定提出免责;承运人运用时效进行抗辩。