effect n. 1.结果。 2.效能,效果,效力,效应,作用,功效;影响。 3.感触,印象;外观,现象。 4.旨趣,意义。 5.实行,实施。 6.(布的)花纹。 7.〔pl.〕物品,动产,家财。 8.〔pl.〕〔英国〕仿制品。 cause and effect 因果。 curative effects 疗效。 general effect 大意,纲领。 household effects 家产,家具什物。 love of effect 爱面子,爱(修饰)外表。 no effects 无存款。 personal effects 私人财物,手提行李。 sound effects 音响效果。 three-dimensional effect 立体感。 be in (full) effect 正在实行[厉行]。 bring [carry] into [to] effect 实行,实现,贯彻。 come [go] into effect 开始实施[生效]。 feel the effects of 痛感…。 for effect 装门面。 give effect to 实行,实施。 have an effect on [upon] 对…有影响[效果]。 in effect 实际上;总之;有效,生效。 of no effect 无效;无益,不中用。 put into effect 实行。 take effect 奏效,见效,有效验,应验;生效。 to no effect =without effect 无效,不灵验。 to the effect that ... 大意是说…,内容是 (A telegram to the effect that .... 电报大意是说…)。 to this [that, the same] effect 按这种[那种、同样]意思。 with effect 有效地。 vt. 1.产生,招致,导致,引起。 2.完成,达到,实现(目的等)。 effect a cure 发挥治疗效果。 effect an insurance 参加保险。 n. -or 〔生〕效应器,效应基因。
Using the test of single environmen , 38 qtls of additive effects distributing on 16 chromosomes were obtained . the range of contribution rate in different single qtl is 5 . 08 - 19 . 89 % ; 52 interaction effects distributing on 17 chromosomes were obtained . the range of contribution rate in different single interaction effect is 4 . 51 - 57 . 14 % , with contribution rate of 57 . 14 % of interaction effect between locus 3d - 1 and locus 7b - 1 in environment 4 在不同环境分别进行分析下,检测到9个性状的38个次加性效应qtls ,分别位于16条染色体,单个qtls贡献率变化范围为5 . 08 19 . 89 ;检测到9个性状的52对次qtls互作效应,位于17条染色体,单个互作效应的贡献率变化范围为2李斯深:小麦产量性状qth的分子标记定位4
Combination of additive effects and interaction effects can account for over 50 % of genotypic variation in spikelet number per spike ( sns ) and spike number per 50cm row ( snr ) , and over 40 % in fertile spikelet number per spike ( fsns ) , 1000 grain weight ( kgw ) and ear length ( el ) , over 30 % in plant height ( ph ) , over 20 % in sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ) and less than 10 % in grain weight per 50cm row ( gwr ) and grain number per spike ( gns ) 加性效应和互作效应联合起来,可以解释群体总小穗数和50cm行长穗数变异的50以上,结实小穗数、千粒重和穗长变异的40以上,株高的30以上,不孕小穗数的20以上,而只能解释50cm行长粒重和穗粒数变异的10以下。
Genetic models were constructed for qtl mapping by two - dimensional searching . corresponding analysis methods were also proposed , which could estimate additive effects , dominance effects , epistatic effects of additive by additive , additive by dominance , dominance by additive , dominance by dominance , and could predict their interaction effects with environments 构建了可以估汁加性效应、显性效应、加加、加显、显加、显显上位性效应以及预测这些效应与环境互作效应的qtl定位两维搜索遗传模型,提出了相应的分析方法。
When the radian of rigid line reaches extensive magnitude , the presence of interfacial rigid line inclusion can change not only attraction force on dislocation arisen by soft inhomogeneity into repulsion force , but also the interaction effects between screw dislocation and soft matrix . soft inhomogeneity can repel screw dislocation in piezoelectric material due to their intrinsic electromechanical coupling behavior 当界面裂纹达到一定弧度时,可以将硬夹杂对位错的排斥作用改变为吸引;当刚性线夹杂达到一定弧度时,不但可以将软夹杂对位错的吸引改变为排斥,也可以改变软基体对位错的作用性质。
Some foreign literatures use the samples of our capital market , but the data is before 2000 . however , there is something new after 2000 . there are fewer national literatures investigating the timeliness of the annual announcements . after the comparisons and estimations of the foreign and national literatures , our sample consists of announcements between 1997 and 2004 and we investigate the effects of audit opinions and unexpected earnings on the timeliness of annual announcements and the interaction effect between them . the sample consist the announcements after 2000 and we consider our special background too , so it is more applicable to the chinese environment 本文研究发现在审计意见相同的情况下,有负的未预期盈余的公司比有正的未预期盈余的公司公布年报的时间要晚;而在未预期盈余的性质相同的情况下,没有得到标准审计报告的公司比得到标准审计报告的公司公布年报的时间要晚;而且不仅未预期盈余的方向会影响公司公布年报的时间,未预期盈余的大小也会影响公司公布年报的时间;未预期盈余和审计意见的类型存在相关关系;公司的股权性质也会影响公司公布年报的时间。
The results showed that there were significant three - way interaction effects among action vs . state orientation , goal level , and task complexity on subjects ' action control strategies and writing quantify and two - way significant interaction effects between goal level and task complexity on subjects ' writing quality 研究结果显示行动或状态导向目标层次工作复杂度在行动控制策略与完成题数上有显着的三因子交互作用,但是在写作质量上只有目标层次工作复杂度的二因子交互作用。
Using between - subject experimental design , key findings are as follows : ( 1 ) treating reservation price as dependent variable , ingredient brand equity has main spillover effects , and interaction effects with the perceived value of ingredient product ; ( 2 ) ingredient brand equity and the perceived value of ingredient product result in attitude change significantly 研究采受试者问实验设计,操弄配备产品知觉价值、配备品牌权益强势程度,以及配备品牌联盟频次,依变项则为消费者对核心产品保留价格、态度评估的改变幅度。
The interaction effects between circular interfacial cracks or rigid line inclusions and a screw dislocation located either outside or inside inhomogeneity under antiplane shear , the electroelastic interaction between a piezoelectric screw dislocation located either outside or inside inhomogeneity and circular interfacial cracks and rigid lines under longitudinal mechanical and inplane electrical loads in linear piezoelectric materials and the elastic interaction between an edge dislocation located either outside or inside inhomogeneity and interfacial crack along a circular inhomogeneity are dealt with in this paper 本文首次对位错与圆形弹性夹杂界面典型缺陷的力、电干涉进行研究,解决了无穷远反平面剪切作用下螺型位错与含界面裂纹或界面刚性线圆形夹杂的弹性干涉问题;无穷远纵向剪切和面内电场共同作用下压电螺型位错与含界面裂纹或界面刚性线圆形压电夹杂的力电耦合效应问题:刃型位错与含界面裂纹圆形弹性夹杂的干涉问题。
The estimation of additive and dominance effects through qtl analysis by one - dimensional search while ignoring epistases showed similar accuracy to that by two - dimensional search by including epistases . existence of epistases could decrease the precision for the estimation of additive and dominance effects . the estimation of genetic main effects would be biased if ignoring the interaction effects of qtl x environment ( qe ) 忽略上位性效应的一维搜索qtl分析对加性效应和显性效应的估计精度与包括上位性的两维搜索qtl分析对这两种效应的估计精度相差不大,上位性的存在可能会降低对这两种效应估计的精度;忽略qtl环境( qe )互作效应会导致对遗传主效应的有偏估计,而包括qe互作效应的多环境联合分析能够提高对遗传主效应的估计精度。
A method for microarray data analysis based on mixed linear model approach is proposed . this method has been applied to the identification of differentially expressed genes and prediction of gene main effect and gene by environment interaction effect both in a static statement and a developmental process 本研究提出了基于混合线性模型的分析微阵列数据的方法,并将其应用于差别表达基因的鉴定、在动态或静态过程中估算基因主效应以及预测基因与环境的互作效应。